Food and culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Food and culture - Essay Example When people eat, they spend time together and tell stories about life and they plan together for the future. It is a big part of people’s lives. It gives families time to share together and build relationships between family members. Eating food allows passing on customs and traditions that are being forgotten. Food also affects culture in other ways. Human societies are groups of people who interact with each other. But some of the things that make people act the way they do are the food cultures that people grow and share all over the world. Most of the plants and animals people eat grow in a farm. Although many of the food people eat have been there for thousands of years, the ways of growing and raising the food have changed. As ways to farm changed, so did the way land was developed. Understanding food and the environment, people see how the connections of plants and animals had an influence on nature. People then search for ways that agricultural methods can be similar to natural ways. More than 10,000 years ago, humans began the change from hunting and gathering to designing and managing the landscape to serve their needs. People began to control characteristics and develop technology to grow crops and raise animals to fit their tastes. In Guanxi Province in China, for instance, farmers built slopes into step-like terraces (Alba 15). By changing the environment of their surroundings, people can grow food in places that otherwise would not support crops. Preserving food makes it less perishable and easier to transport. Similarly, the obento, a Japanese child’s school lunch, gives cultural messages to a person who is not Japanese. The specific foods and how they are prepared symbolize a connection between home and school. The obento thus plays an important part in identifying a culture (Anderson 103). Early food agriculture helped society grow into cities and states. Anywhere one looks in the world, food affects culture. So

Improve Concentration Essay Example for Free

Improve Concentration Essay It is mostly due to peer pressure. In such a situation, parents are often seen questioning the counsellors as what can be done to encourage their child to concentrate and also have good social skills at the same time. Well, here are a few answers. The key to having good concentration is being smart. The child should be smart enough to concentrate while having fun. This can be done in many ways. While in class, if he/she is finding it hard to concentrate, here are a few tips they can adopt in order to improve their concentration skills. . Sit in the front row. Sitting in the front row helps you steer away from distractions like speaking to your friends, whispering or even passing notes. The closer you sit to the teacher, the better you understand. 2. Participate in class. The people who concentrate, know that the key to good concentration is participation. Ask questions, start a discussion, debate with the teacher. It might sound to be geeky, but once you get the hang of it, its hard to get out. It is a lot of fun and you also learn extra. . Strategize your notes. Jotting down the points the teacher says is something which every child in class does. Dont be stereotypical. Dont make notes, instead make learning strategies. Its fun and at the same time itll make you stand out and you also will be entitled to think out of the box. 4. Turn off your phone. Having a phone is a major distraction. In class, make sure your phone is turned off. Dont cheat yourself by profiling it to vibrate or silent. Turn it off, be honest to yourself. Nothing will jar your concentration more than getting a text from your friend during a class. 5. Get some good breakfast. It can be really hard to concentrate when your stomach is growling away the hunger. Its hard to concentrate on what is being taught when youre raiding a buffet in your mind. Make sure you eat a healthy breakfast. But ensure that you dont fill your stomach to an extent where it will make you sleepy. 6. Have props while studying. Having a prop to play with while studying can make studying so much fun. For example : If you are studying about the earth, have a globe in your hand. Turn it around, see where the countries are located, play with the globe. This will make studying easier. 7. Use gadgets for studying. If you are bored of using the same old paper and books, use e-books. Buy an iPad or simply make notes on your laptop. 8. Have group study parties. Invite a bunch of friends over to your house and call it a study party. This not only sounds cool but is also beneficial. It will help you to study and will also improve your social status. But all you have to ensure is that you actually study with those friends and not just waste time in talking, dancing and playing around. 9. Exercise everyday. Yoga and meditation is the best way of improving ones concentration skills. Even 10 minutes of meditation will calm your mind and will help you concentrate with a clear mind. I have been practicing these tips for a long time. And it has helped me achieve a lot of things in my life. I suggest the readers to follow these guidelines and be successful in your life.

Aerospace Engineers :: essays research papers

Aerospace engineers examine, analyze, design, produce, and occasionally install components that make up aircraft, spacecraft, high-altitude vehicles, and high-altitude delivery systems (missiles). Satisfaction with the romantic image of rocket building can buoy many engineers through the highly anonymous work environments that many of them face. Individuals don't assemble rockets; teams do, dozens of teams working in highly supervised coordination. An aerospace engineer plays some part on one of the teams, spending more of her time (roughly 70 percent) in a lab, at a computer, and assembling reports than doing anything else. Not being able to see the "big picture" frustrates some professionals. The path to becoming an aerospace engineer is a rigorous one, but those who manage to survive the difficult lift-off emerge with an above-average degree of career satisfaction. Academic requirements are strict and wide-ranging: Physics, chemistry, computer science, mathematics, materials science, statistics and engineering courses provide the base for any aspiring rocket scientist. Some colleges offer a degree in aerospace engineering; others offer a more generalized engineering degree with some coursework in aerospace engineering. These courses might include aerospace guidance systems, extreme-altitude material science, and the physics of high-altitude radiation. Internships, summer jobs, and any experience in the field are helpful, as entry into this industry is highly competitive. Many aspirants may need to relocate to California, Washington State, or Texas, where the majority of defense industry aerospace work is done, to work for companies such as NASA, Boeing and Lockheed Martin.Two years into their job an aerospace engineer can be planning on being Junior members of research staff are swamped with work, both in the lab and in offices, crunching data and organizing research. More like "lab assistants," their early years are marked by relatively menial tasks (testing of equipment, tracking results) with little input into the testing or recommendation process. Average hours and pay characterize these environments, but education continues apace. Few people leave the profession during these years; the hours already devoted in school make it easier to tolerate these few extra workplace indignities. And in about five years one will be leading research teams and turn into people managers as well as project managers. This is an unanticipated turn of events for some, as it removes them from the challenging, intellectually rarefied environment they enjoy and places them in a more administrative role. Most significant design and production work is done in these years.

Discrimination and Stereotyping

Prejudice, stereotype and discrimination are merely against for anyone for any reasons as they were defined(Rand, Sowell, & Epstein, 2007). Prejudice, a feeling based not a belief based, is referred to as unconstructive judgment or opinion figured out lacking familiarity and knowledge on facts. It is only a feeling based on assumptions without considering any prior facts about the group being prejudge. Prejudice is often based on stereotype. One great cause of prejudice is the differences on skills, talents, beliefs and experience even though sometimes these differences benefit us.For an instance, on social classes, we feel wealthy classes are said to be superior to any other classes in society. Stereotype is referred to conventional opinion as any mental image of social group regardless of individual differences. At some point, stereotype can also be seen in positive outlook, for an instance the stereotype for Asian Americans being good in the field of Mathematics. Stereotype is som etimes the foundation of prejudice. Discrimination being known to as prejudice in action, it referred to as the unlikely treatment for other people in terms of race, culture or religion.An example is the discrimination on African Americans due to their color, treating them unequally from the White Americans(Educators, 2006). Prejudice, stereotype and discriminations have some negative impacts on the society as they may are said to be harmful behaviors. It may lead to limitations of opportunities for people who said to be of lesser standard than others (Phone, 2007). The limitations may be of many cases like in popularity, achieving no equal rights to gain popularity. In employment and promotion, only those think and believe to be capable of the job were brought in to employment and get promoted.In having rights and power, like the black who does not have equal privileges as white ones. The Scenerio Prejudice, stereotype and discrimination on the scenario or case of Elizabeth who is a second-grade school teacher is exemplified. There exists discrimination when he only praises Walt than Ricky, just because Ricky comes from a lower class society and on the other hand Walt from middle class, Elizabeth provides not equal treatment as should praise both of them when answers correctly and should giving a helping hand for both of the students whenever they commit mistake which was merely opposite to the scenario.The action done by Elizabeth is the harmful behavior of discrimination. She shows no favorable response for Ricky being in the lower class. Stereotypically speaking, the scenario shows stereotype behavior because Elizabeth believes that Walt has greater knowledge the Ricky. Elizabeth may be in doubt of Ricky’s intelligence that is why she does have not significant time praising him and helping him and not giving equal chances for both students to show what they have got..And also the prejudice behavior relates with stereotype, while Elizabeth believes n ot for Ricky’s capabilities, she does a pre judgment that maybe Ricky will took hard time to cope up even though it is only his opinion. And that opinion may lead to hasty generalization or wrong generalization. The scenario or case being tackled is only one of those situations that involve prejudice, stereotype and discrimination. The case may affect both students, Walt and Ricky, but in opposite and much different manner. For Walt, it may be a positive effect on him for instance that he may live a world with praises which can help him develop self esteem.On the other hand, Ricky might suffer fear of interacting with other people of different class with him. He may become a victim of limitations from opportunities as one of the main result of prejudice, stereotype and discrimination. He might also lose his privilege and freedom to learn and also his right as a child to new more about his world and surroundings. Implicit Association Test In connection with prejudice, stereoty pe and discrimination, I took the Implicit Association Test. This test shows whether I had hidden biases towards different people. In the IAT, I took the Weapons (‘Weapons – Harmless Objects' IAT) .An IAT which require the ability to recognize White and Black faces and associate them with images of weapons or harmless objects. The result of my test was your data suggest a slight association of Black Americans with Weapons compared to White Americans (corp. , 2007). The result dictates that I slightly relate harmful objects with Black Americans which I think not necessary true to myself. Maybe the pressure of doing the test with time limit also affects the result because of my eagerness to finish the test. I don’t consider Black Americans as harmful people and so I assume that the research tool was not accurate.The Implicit Association test is I can say a not reliable or accurate tool to be used. Many things could affect the result, it can be affected by being rig ht handed or left handed either. The key we are able to press most likely just conform to our most used hand or finger. Another one was the pressure on time, where it is also stated there that we just need to press the right key in a short time. Even though as I have said not accurate tool to used, It is only matters for the reason the it is an interesting and enjoying tool for us to know about our hidden biases on different races, culture or religion. Reference: corp., I. (2007). You have completed the Race – Weapons IAT. [Electronic Version]. Retrieved June 29, 2007 from https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/Study?tid=-1. Educators. (2006). Dealing with Stereotyping, Prejudice, Discrimination, and Scapegoating [Electronic Version]. Retrieved June 29, 2007 from http://www.esrnational.org/antidiscriminationlesson.htm. Phone, K. H. (2007). Violence/Abuse [Electronic Version]. Retrieved June 29, 2007 from http://kidshelp.sympatico.ca/en/informed/sub_prejudices.asp?sec=3&sb=2. Rand, A., Sowell, T., & Epstein, R. (2007). Ethnic Prejudice, Stereotypes, Discrimination, and the Free Market [Electronic Version]. Retrieved June 29, 2007 from http://www.friesian.com/discrim.htm. Â  

Project on Demat Account

The term Demat, in India, refers to a dematerialised account. For individual Indian citizens to trade in listed stocks or debentures. The Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) requires the investor to maintain a Demat account. In a demat account shares and securities are held in electronic form instead of taking actual possession of certificates. A Demat Account is opened by the investor while registering with an investment broker (or sub broker). The Demat account number which is quoted for all transactions to enable electronic settlements of trades to take place.Access to the demat account requires an internet password and a transaction password as well as initiating and confirming transfers or purchases of securities. Purchases and sales of securities on the Demat account are automatically made once transactions are executed and completed. | | Advantages of Demat The demat account reduces brokerage charges, makes pledging/hypothecation of shares easier, enables quick ownership of securities on settlement resulting in increased liquidity, avoids confusion in the ownership title of securities, and provides easy receipt of public issue allotments.It also helps you avoid bad deliveries caused by signature mismatch, postal delays and loss of certificates in transit. Further, it eliminates risks associated with forgery, counterfeiting and loss due to fire, theft or mutilation. Demat account holders can also avoid stamp duty (as against 0. 5 per cent payable on physical shares), avoid filling up of transfer deeds, and obtain quick receipt of such benefits as stock splits and bonuses. Indian Market ScenarioIndian capital market has seen unprecedented boom in its activity in the last 15 years in terms of number of stock exchanges, listed companies, trade volumes, market intermediaries, investor population, etc. However, this surge in activity has brought with it numerous problems that threaten the very survival of the capital markets in the long run, most of whic h are due to the large volume of paper work involved and paper based trading, clearing and settlement. Until the late eighties, the common man kept away from apital market and thus the quantum of funds mobilized through the market was meager. A major problem, however, continued to plague the market. The Indian markets were drowned in shares in the form of paper and hence it was problematic to handle them. Fake and stolen shares, fake signatures and signature mismatch, duplication and mutilation of shares, transfer problems, etc. The investors were scared and were under compensated for the risk borne by them. The century old system of trading and settlement requires handling of huge volumes of paper work.This has made the investors, both retail and institutional, wary of entering the capital market. However, lack of modernization become a hindrance to growth and resulted in creation of cumbersome procedures and paper work. However, the real growth and change occurred from mid-eightie s in the wake of liberalization initiatives of the Government. The reforms in the financial sector were envisaged in the banking sector, capital market, securities market regulation, mutual funds, foreign investments and Government control.These institutions and stock exchanges experienced that the certificates are the main cause of investors` disputes and arbitration cases. Since the paper work was not matching the rapid growth so there was a need for a better system to ensure removal of these impediments. Government of India decided to set up a fully automated and high technology based model exchange that could offer screen-based trading and depositories as the ultimate answer to all such reforms and eliminate various bottlenecks in the capital market, particularly, the clearing and settlement system in stock exchanges. 1] A depository in very simple terms is a pool of pre-verified shares held in electronic mode which offers settlement of transactions in an efficient and effective way. Object Of Demat System India has adopted this system in which book entry is done electronically. It is the system where no paper is involved. Physical form is extinguished and shares or securities are held in electronic mode. Before the introduction of the depository system by the Depository Act, 1996, the process of sale, purchase and transfer of shares was a huge problem and the safety perspective was zero.Demat Benefits The benefits are enumerated as follows: . Its a safe and convenient way to hold securities . Immediate transfer of securities is there . There is no stamp duty on transfer of securities . Elimination of risks associated with physical certificates such as bad delivery, fake securities, delays, thefts etc. . There is a major reduction in paperwork involved in transfer of securities,reduction in transaction cost etc. . No odd lot problem, even one share can be sold thus there is advantage .Change in address recorded with DP gets registered with all companies in which investor holds securities electronically eliminating the need to correspond with each of them separately; †¢ Transmission of securities is done by DP eliminating correspondence with companies; †¢ Automatic credit into demat account of shares, arising out of bonus/split/consolidation/merger etc. †¢ Holding investments in equity and debt instruments in a single account. Benefit to the Company The depository system helps in reducing the cost of new issues due to less printing and distribution cost.It increases the efficiency of the registrars and transfer agents and the Secretarial Department of the company. It provides better facilities for communication and timely services with shareholders, investor etc. Benefit to the Investor The depository system reduces risks involved in holding physical certificated, e. g. , loss, theft, mutilation, forgery, etc. It ensures transfer settlements and reduces delay in registration of shares. It ensures faster communication to investors. It helps avoid bad delivery problem due to signature differences, etc. It ensures faster payment on sale of shares. No stamp duty is paid on transfer of shares.It provides more acceptability and liquidity of securities. Benefits to Brokers The depository system reduces risk of delayed settlement. It ensures greater profit due to increase in volume of trading. It eliminates chances of forgery – bad delivery. It increases overall of trading and profitability. It increases confidence in investors. Demat conversion Converting physical holding into electronic holding (dematerialising securities) In order to dematerialise physical securities one has to fill in a DRF (Demat Request Form) which is available with the DP and submit the same along with physical certificates one wishes to dematerialise.Separate DRF has to be filled for each ISIN Number. The complete process of dematerialisation is outlined below: †¢ Surrender certificates for dematerialisation to your de pository participant. †¢ Depository participant intimates Depository of the request through the system. †¢ Depository participant submits the certificates to the registrar of the Issuer Company. †¢ Registrar confirms the dematerialisation request from depository. †¢ After dematerialising the certificates, Registrar updates accounts and informs depository of the completion of dematerialisation. †¢ Depository updates its accounts and informs the depository participant. Depository participant updates the demat account of the investor. Demat Options Banks score over others Around 200 â€Å"depository participants† (DPs) offer the demat account facility. A comparison of the fees charged by different DPs is detailed below. But there are three distinct advantages of having a demat account with a bank — quick processing, accessibility and online transaction. Generally, banks credit your demat account with shares in case of purchase, or credit your savi ngs accounts with the proceeds of a sale on the third day. Banks are also advantageous because of the number of branches they have.Some banks give the option of opening a demat account in any branch, while others restrict themselves to a select set of branches. Some private banks also provide online access to the demat account. So, you can check on your holdings, transactions and status of requests through the net banking facility. A broker who acts as a DP may not be able to provide these services. Fees Involved There are four major charges usually levied on a demat account: Account opening fee, annual maintenance fee, custodian fee and transaction fee. All the charges vary from DP to DP. Account-opening feeDepending on the DP, there may or may not be an opening account fee. Private banks, such as HDFC Bank and UTI Bank, do not have one. However, players such as ICICI Bank, Globe Capital, Karvy Consultants and the State Bank of India to do so. But most players levy this when you re -open a demat account, though the Stock Holding Corporation offers a lifetime account opening fee, which allows you to hold on to your demat account over a long period. This fee is refundable. Annual maintenance fee This is also known as folio maintenance charges, and is generally levied in advance. Custodian feeThis fee is charged monthly and depends on the number of securities (international securities identification numbers — ISIN) held in the account. It generally ranges between Rs 0. 5 to Rs 1 per ISIN per month. DPs will not charge custody fee for ISIN on which the companies have paid one-time custody charges to the depository. Transaction fee The transaction fee is charged for crediting/debiting securities to and from the account on a monthly basis. While some DPs, such as SBI, charge a flat fee per transaction, HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank peg the fee to the transaction value, subject to a minimum amount.The fee also differs based on the kind of transaction (buying or sel ling). Some DPs charge only for debiting the securities while others charge for both. The DPs also charge if your instruction to buy/sell fails or is rejected. In addition, service tax is also charged by the DPs. In addition to the other fees, the DP also charges a fee for converting the shares from the physical to the electronic form or vice-versa. This fee varies for both demat and remat requests. For demat, some DPs charge a flat fee per request in addition to the variable fee per certificate, while others charge only the variable fee.For instance, Stock Holding Corporation charges Rs 25 as the request fee and Rs 3 per certificate as the variable fee. However, SBI charges only the variable fee, which is Rs 3 per certificate. Remat requests also have charges akin to that of demat. However, variable charges for remat are generally higher than demat. Some of the additional features (usually offered by banks) are as follows. Some DPs offer a frequent trader account, where they charge frequent traders at lower rates than the standard charges.Demat account holders are generally required to pay the DP an advance fee for each account which will be adjusted against the various service charges. The account holder needs to raise the balance when it falls below a certain amount prescribed by the DP. However, if you also hold a savings account with the DP you can provide a debit authorisation to the DP for paying this charge. Finally, once you choose your DP, it will be prudent to keep all your accounts with that DP, so that tracking your capital gains liability is easier.This is because, for calculating capital gains tax, the period of holding will be determined by the DP and different DPs follow different methods. For instance, ICICI Bank uses the first in first out (FIFO) method to compute the period of holding. The proof of the cost of acquisition will be the contract note. The computation of capital gains is done account-wise. Opening an account Steps involved in o pening a demat account First an investor has to approach a DP and fill up an account opening form.The account opening form must be supported by copies of any one of the approved documents to serve as proof of identity (POI) and proof of address (POA) as specified by SEBI. Besides, production of PAN card in original at the time of opening of account has been made mandatory effective from April 1, 2006. All applicants should carry original documents for verification by an authorized official of the depository participant, under his signature. Further, the investor has to sign an agreement with DP in a depository prescribed standard format, which details rights and duties of investor and DP.DP should provide the investor with a copy of the agreement and schedule of charges for their future reference. The DP will open the account in the system and give an account number, which is also called BO ID (Beneficiary Owner Identification number). The DP may revise the charges by giving 30 days notice in advance. SEBI has rationalised the cost structure for dematerialisation by removing account opening charges, transaction charges for credit of securities, and custody charges vide circular dated January 28, 2005.Further, SEBI has vide circular dated November 9, 2005 advised that with effect from January 9, 2006, no charges shall be levied by a depository on DP and consequently, by a DP on a Beneficiary Owner (BO) when a BO transfers all the securities lying in his account to another branch of the same DP or to another DP of the same depository or another depository, provided the BO Account/s at transferee DP and at transferor DP are one and the same, i. e. identical in all respects.In case the BO Account at transferor DP is a joint account, the BO Account at transferee DP should also be a joint account in the same sequence of ownership. Disadvantages of Demat The disadvantages of dematerialization of securities can be summarised as follows: Trading in securities may becom e uncontrolled in case of dematerialized securities. It is incumbent upon the capital market regulator to keep a close watch on the trading in dematerialized securities and see to it that trading does not act as a detriment to investors.The role of key market players in case of dematerialized securities, such as stock-brokers, needs to be supervised as they have the capability of manipulating the market. Multiple regulatory frameworks have to be confirmed to, including the Depositories Act, Regulations and the various By-Laws of various depositories. Additionally, agreements are entered at various levels in the process of dematerialization. These may cause anxiety to the investor desirous of simplicity in terms of transactions in dematerialized securities.However, the advantages of dematerialization outweigh its disadvantages and the changes ushered in by SEBI and the Central Government in terms of compulsory dematerialization of securities is important for developing the securities market to a degree of advancement. Freely traded securities are an essential component of such an advanced market and dematerialization addresses such issues and is a step towards the advancement of the market. Transfer of Shares between DPs To transfer shares, we need to fill the Depository Instruction Slip Book (DIS).Firstly we need to check, whether both Demat account's Depository Participant is same or not(CDSL or NSDL) If both of them are different, then we need an INTER Depository Slip (Inter DIS). If they are same, then we need INTRA Depository Slip (Intra DIS). For example: If we have one Demat account with CDSL and other Demat account with NSDL, then we need an Inter DIS. Generally, brokers issue Intra DIS, so do check with broker. Once we identify the correct DIS, fill the relevant information like scrip name INE number quantity in words and figures nd submit that DIS for the transfer to the broker with signatures.The transferor broker shall accept that DIS in duplicate a nd acknowledge receipt of DIS on duplicate copy. Do try to submit that DIS when market is on. Accordingly, date of submission of DIS and date of execution of DIS can be same or a difference of one day is also acceptable. For transfer, you shall also pay the broker some charges. Remember: DIS is almost like a cheque book. Accordingly, it can not be misused if issued blank. So deposit only a completely filled in Slip to broker. Do cut out unfilled rows so that none can fill them later on.

Identify an Unknown - Experiment With Chemical Reactions

Identify an Unknown - Experiment With Chemical Reactions One exciting aspect of chemistry is that it explores how substances combine to form new ones. While a chemical reaction involves change, the atoms that are the basic building blocks of matter arent changed. They simply recombine in new ways. Students can explore how chemical reactions can be used to help identify the products of chemical reactions. Rather than randomly mix chemicals together, using the scientific method can help better understand what is occurring. Overview Students will learn about the scientific method and will explore chemical reactions. Initially, this activity allows students to use the scientific method to examine and identify a set of (nontoxic) unknown substances. Once the characteristics of these substances are known, the students can use the information to drawinference to identify unknown mixtures of these materials. Time Required: 3 hours or three one-hour sessions Grade Level: 5-7 Objectives To practice using the scientific method. To learn how to record observations and apply the information to perform more complex tasks. Materials Each group will need: plastic cupsmagnifying glass4 unknown powders in 4 plastic baggies:sugarsaltbaking sodacorn starch For the entire class: watervinegarheat sourceiodine solution Activities Remind students that they should never taste an unknown substance. Review the steps of the scientific method. Although the unknown powders are similar in appearance, each substance has characteristic properties that make it distinguishable from the other powders. Explain how the students can use their senses to examine the powders and record properties. Have them use sight (magnifying glass), touch, and smell to examine each powder. Observations should be written down. Students may be asked to predict the identity of the powders. Introduce heat, water, vinegar, and iodine. Explain the concepts chemical reactions and chemical change. A chemical reaction takes place when new products are made from the reactants. Signs of a reaction could include bubbling, temperature change, color change, smoke, or change in odor. You may wish to demonstrate how to mix chemicals, apply heat, or add indicator. If desired, use containers with labeled volume measurements to introduce students to the importance of recording quantities used in a scientific investigation. Students can put a specified amount of powder from the baggie into a cup (e.g., 2 scoops), then add vinegar or water or indicator. Cups and hands are to be washed between experiments. Make a chart with the following: What was the appearance of each powder?What happened when water was added to each powder?What happened when vinegar was added to each powder?Did all powders produce the same response?What happened when iodine solution was added to each powder?Why do you think this happened?If you predicted the identity of the powders, were your predictions correct? If not, how were they different?What are true identities of the mystery powders A-D?How did you determine the correct answer?Now, give the students a mystery powder made up using at least two of the four pure subtances. They are to test this mixture using the procedures they used on the pure substances. In addition, they may wish to design new experiments.AssessmentStudents may be evaluated on their ability to correctly identify the final unknown mixture. Points may be awarded for teamwork, staying on task, submission of data or a lab report, and ability to follow directions and follow safety rules.

Free Essays on Cinderella

The story of Cinderella has a universal appeal. Cinderella consists of several versions that reflect different cultures. In the Nigerian â€Å"Cinderella† version, the tale was recorded in the (West Africa) Hausa language and published, originally, in 1911 by Frank Edgar. The story is about a man who had two wives, and they each had a daughter. The wife he disliked fell ill, and she died. Her daughter moved into the home of the favored wife and became a maidservant. She befriended a frog at the borrow-pit, and the frog showered her with gifts for the chief’s festival. The chief was in search for a wife and he chose Cinderella. In contrast to the Native American â€Å"Cinderella† version, the tale was told, originally, in the Algonquin language. The story is about an Invisible man, who is under the care of his sister. His sister takes walks in the park and girls get all dressed up to see the Invisible man. Yet, they are unable to see him. In a village, there was a widower and his three daughters. The cruel, older sister tortured the youngest, ill daughter. She was known as the â€Å"Oochigeaskw- the rough-faced girl.† The tale concludes with the rough-faced girl becoming the wife of the Invisible man. Both tales resemble each other in some ways; while at the same time contrast each other. In the Nigerian version, the role of a festival is of great importance. Cinderella was a maidservant in the home of her stepmother. As a result, she made friends with a frog, which she fed the scrapings from the pot. A festival took place in the honor of the chief’s son in order for him to find a wife. The frog showered Cinderella with gold, silver, and jewels. The chief found favor in the eyes of Cinderella and off she left leaving behind her golden shoe. As a result of the role that the festival had, caused Cinderella to be adorned with this golden shoe that inevitably fit her. In contrast to the Native version, there is the absence of a festival. ... Free Essays on Cinderella Free Essays on Cinderella In reviewing the transition of Cinderella’s tale, an apparent difference arises from entertainment and optimism replacing didactics and morals. This is due to the changing view of childhood throughout the centuries; much like the aspect of romanticizing the child became a plague in children’s literature during the time of the Grimm brothers. Now the modern child in the twenty-first century may not have the similar life experiences, that is death, slavery or amputation is not common to see, but they are certainly made aware of those events through television. The setback to that is the explicit presentation of the media ceases the use of imagination. Since the events that children are familiar too shift, therefore, literature must also make an adjustment to spark the interest of a child. Another change present is the length: the modern version is one page (without illustrations) while the nineteenth century version is five. In view of this, two probable reasons of such s hortage are that children have a short attention span, and the other is that there is room for the use of imagination. Instead of a child reading that Cinderella wore â€Å"splendid silver dress†¦silver slippers† from the later version, â€Å"wonderful ball dress† allows the child to think of a dress and shoes with a color of his/her choice. It is also evident that the tale is set in the children’s viewpoint: where the setting is in the â€Å"big house†, characters are good or evil, themes are not depressive. The removal of a large portion of the Grimm version is due to the depressive and traumatic events within it. Some of the tale’s characters were eliminated. The young readers fail to notice the removal of a mother’s role or in this case a mother â€Å"lying on her deathbed†. In perceiving the view of a child the presence of a mother’s character is not missed, because they have a protagonist that brings climax to the story. Furthermore, the real mother cha... Free Essays on Cinderella The Tales of Trembling and Cam Throughout time and around the world, the story of â€Å"Cinderella† is an ongoing legend. In all these versions, the theme of the story is about struggles, suffering, love, and good winning over evil. The Cinderella fairy tales also reflect the culture, social norms, and traditions of the people during the time that the stories were written. All those elements play a role in how and why the main character differs along with the suffering endured to them. The supernatural element in these stories comes from varying sources. However, the universal theme in the two stories is triumph of good over evil and how everyone has feelings. The two versions I will focus on are â€Å"Fair, Brown and Trembling,† Ireland’s version by Jeremiah Curtain and â€Å"The story of Tam and Cam,† the Cinderella tale for Vietnam. Although both versions are written during different times, the authors reflect their version around the, culture, beliefs and society during that time. In the Irish version â€Å"Fair, Brown, And Trembling† Trembling is the youngest of three girls and the most beautiful. Fair is the eldest and meanest sister. As a result, Trembling is mistreated by her two jealous sisters. After seven years of trying to attract the princes attention, Fair wins the heart of King Omanya’s son. One Sunday morning, the henwife grants Trembling’s wishes to be able to go to church and attend mass lavishly dressed. The henwife puts on the cloak of darkness and Trembling’s wishes are granted. The orders of the henwife were, â€Å"You must not to go inside the door of the church, and the minute the people rise up at the end of mass, do you make off, and ride home as fast as the mare will carry you.† (Curtain) Fair goes to the outside of the church and is noticed. Her sisters become very jealous since they are no longer the center of everyone’... Free Essays on Cinderella The story of Cinderella has a universal appeal. Cinderella consists of several versions that reflect different cultures. In the Nigerian â€Å"Cinderella† version, the tale was recorded in the (West Africa) Hausa language and published, originally, in 1911 by Frank Edgar. The story is about a man who had two wives, and they each had a daughter. The wife he disliked fell ill, and she died. Her daughter moved into the home of the favored wife and became a maidservant. She befriended a frog at the borrow-pit, and the frog showered her with gifts for the chief’s festival. The chief was in search for a wife and he chose Cinderella. In contrast to the Native American â€Å"Cinderella† version, the tale was told, originally, in the Algonquin language. The story is about an Invisible man, who is under the care of his sister. His sister takes walks in the park and girls get all dressed up to see the Invisible man. Yet, they are unable to see him. In a village, there was a widower and his three daughters. The cruel, older sister tortured the youngest, ill daughter. She was known as the â€Å"Oochigeaskw- the rough-faced girl.† The tale concludes with the rough-faced girl becoming the wife of the Invisible man. Both tales resemble each other in some ways; while at the same time contrast each other. In the Nigerian version, the role of a festival is of great importance. Cinderella was a maidservant in the home of her stepmother. As a result, she made friends with a frog, which she fed the scrapings from the pot. A festival took place in the honor of the chief’s son in order for him to find a wife. The frog showered Cinderella with gold, silver, and jewels. The chief found favor in the eyes of Cinderella and off she left leaving behind her golden shoe. As a result of the role that the festival had, caused Cinderella to be adorned with this golden shoe that inevitably fit her. In contrast to the Native version, there is the absence of a festival. ...

Anna Arnold Hedgeman, Civil Rights Activist, Feminist

Anna Arnold Hedgeman, Civil Rights Activist, Feminist article edited with additions by Jone Johnson Lewis Dates: July 5, 1899Â  -Â  January 17, 1990Known for: African-American feminist; civil rights activist; founding member of NOW Anna Arnold Hedgeman was a civil rights activist and an early leader in the National Organization for Women. She worked throughout her life on issues such as education, feminism, social justice, poverty and civil rights. A Pioneer for Civil Rights Anna Arnold Hedgemans lifetime of accomplishments included many firsts: First black woman to graduate from Hamline University (1922) - the university now has a scholarship named for herFirst black woman to serve on a New York City mayoral cabinet (1954-1958)First black person to hold a Federal Security Agency position Anna Arnold Hedgeman was also the only woman on the executive committee that organized Martin Luther King, Jr.s famous March on Washington in 1963. Patrik Henry Bass called her instrumental in organizing the march and the conscience of the march in his book Like A Mighty Stream: The March on Washington August 28, 1963 (Running Press Book Publishers, 2002). When Anna Arnold Hedgeman realized there were going to be no female speakers at the event, she protested the minimal recognition of women who were civil rights heroes. She succeeded in persuading the committee that this oversight was a mistake, which led eventually to Daisy Bates being invited to speak that day at the Lincoln Memorial. NOW Activism Anna Arnold Hedgeman served temporarily as the first executive vice-president of NOW. Aileen Hernandez, who had been serving on the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, was elected executive vice-president in absentia when the first NOW officers were selected in 1966. Anna Arnold Hedgeman served as temporary executive vice-president until Aileen Hernandez officially stepped down from the EEOC and took the NOW position in March 1967. Anna Arnold Hedgeman was the first chair of NOWs Task Force on Women in Poverty. In her 1967 task force report, she called for a meaningful expansion of economic opportunities for women and said there were no jobs or opportunities for women at the bottom of the heap to move into. Her suggestions included job training, job creation, regional and city planning, attention to high school dropouts and an end to the ignoring of women and girls in federal job and poverty-related programs. Other Activism In addition to NOW, Anna Arnold Hedgeman was involved with organizations including the YWCA, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Urban League, the National Council of Churches Commission on Religion and Race and the National Council for a Permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission. She ran for Congress and president of the New York City Council, drawing attention to social issues even when she lost the elections. A 20th Century Life in the United States Anna Arnold was born in Iowa and grew up in Minnesota. Her mother was Mary Ellen Parker Arnold, and her father, William James Arnold II, was a businessman. The family was the only black family in Anoka, Iowa, where Anna Arnold grew up. Â  She graduated from high school in 1918, and then became the first black graduate of Hamline University in Saint Paul, Minnesota. Unable to find a teaching job in Minnesota where a black woman would be hired, Anna Arnold taught in Mississippi at Rust College. She could not accept living under Jim Crow discrimination, so she returned north to work for the YWCA. She worked at black YWCA branches in four states, ending up finally in Harlem, New York City. In New York in 1933, Anna Arnold married Merritt Hedgeman, a musician and performer. Â   During the Depression, she was a consultant on racial problems for the Emergency Relief Bureau of New York City, studying near-slavery conditions of black women who worked in domestic service in the Bronx, and studying Puerto Rican conditions in the city. Â  When World War II began, she worked as a civil defense official, advocating for black workers in war industries. In 1944 she went to work for an organization advocating for fair employment practices. Â  Unsuccessful at getting fair employment legislation passed, she returned to the academic world, working as an assistant dean for women at Howard University in New York. In the 1948 election, she was executive director of the presidential re-election campaign for Harry S Truman. After he was reelected, she went to work for his government, working on issues of race and employment. Â  She was the first woman and the first African American to be part of a mayoral cabinet in New York City, appointed by Robert Wagner, Jr., to advocate for the poor. As a laywoman, she signed a 1966 black power statement by black members of the clergy which appeared in the New York Times. In the 1960s she worked for religious organizations, advocating for higher education and racial reconciliation. Â  It was in her role as a part of religious and womens communities that she advocated strongly for the participation of white Christians in the 1963 March on Washington. She wrote the books The Trumpet Sounds: A Memoir of Negro Leaership (1964) and The Gift of Chaos: Decades of American Discontent (1977).Anna Arnold Hedgeman died in Harlem in 1990.

SAM 400 UNIT 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SAM 400 UNIT 6 - Essay Example These types of needs are required to be satisfied before others. On the other hand, higher needs are only important to some workers. In the hierarchy of Maslow, various needs required by any individual working are specified. The first one is the physical needs which are the basic for survival of any human. These needs entail shelter, water, sleep and oxygen among others. The other one is the safety needs as explained by Schermerhorn (Pp. 311) and they include security for any individual in a workplace. Any worker is supposed to feel safe while working and be in safe conditions by avoiding danger. Others include belonging and love need. When the safety and physiological needs of a worker is met, there emerges the need of belongingness and love. Maslow put emphasis on this need by saying that they involve receiving and giving love to workers in a workplace. According to Schermerhorn (Pp. 313), another one is esteem needs that makes an individual in a workplace to feel competent and worthy. This is by the worker being appreciated by the kind of work done. The other need in the hierarchy is self actualization need that realizes a worker’s full potential. In conclusion, the hierarchy of Maslow needs provide many ways that are useful in understanding the motivation of workers. Many business changes were proposed by Maslow so that workplaces would be more responsive to the workers needs (Schermerhorn, Pp.

Pr 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pr 3 - Essay Example Although all the above qualities are desired in a school leader, I believe it is not fair to expect one person to be good at so many aspects of work. This is the reason why â€Å"shared leadership† seems to be an effective idea to me. In shared leadership, the leader passes around the command to the team according to the demand of the job. This is according to Burns theory of Transformational Leadership, which he defined as the â€Å"ability to empower others â€Å".In other areas as well, it is known that after a limit, benefits like salary hike do not motivate the employees any more. The trick beyond that limit is to give them decision making power. The same is true in education as well. An effective school leader helps staff members by providing personal attention, encourages them to think out of the box and shows trust in them by making them a part of important decision making. Another theory that seems to be very appealing to me especially in education is the Servant Leader theory. Educational institutions in our world are generally seen as institutions made to serve the community. Although education is big business nowadays, still people like to think of it as a place which is not for profit but for the welfare of students. In countries like India, schools are considered sacred just like a place of worship. Keeping in mind this mindset of the society, servant leaders are very suitable for schools. These leaders want to serve first, and in the process of serving, they acquire the wisdom, skills and authority of a leader. They are caring, helpful and sensitive to the needs of both the teachers and students of their school and work towards their success by doing constant labor themselves. The leader that has had a major impact on me can be considered as belonging to the servant leader class. Just as the theory describes, this leader was not the principal or top official of the school but was at the center of the

Real estate law- principles of tort Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Real estate law- principles of tort - Coursework Example 2011). The most controversial and contentious area of tort is on the obligation of landowners towards persons who make a trip to their land. In common law, land was divided into the areas below: invitees, licensees and trespassers (Claeys, et al 2013). The invitee owes the uppermost duty of care while the lowermost duty is owed by the trespassers (Fordham, 2014). In the UK, the laws of Torts have greatly assisted to solve conundrums ascribed to to land. Prior to delving into the principles of torts, it is essential to first understand the concept of an occupier’s liability and how it is relevant in the UK. The legislative arm of the UK has passed two laws to determine the responsibility of the occupier (Gathii, James. 2015). The first law tackles concerns or matters regarding a visitor. The second law is ascribed to another person who is not a visitor. Mutually, the Occupiers Liability Acts of 1957 and 1984Â  inflict responsibility on occupiers rather than what it places on landowners (Williams, 2010). Only facts can determine whether a person is an occupier or not. However, it greatly depends on the extent of power exercised. The yardstick that is used is that of occupational control. That is because more than one employee may be occupying the premises. According to Kenny (2015), the Occupiers Liability Act of 1957 enforces responsibility on occupiers with regard to lawful visitors. The Occupiers Liability of 1984 enforces a responsibility on occupiers in view of persons other than a visitor (Oliphant, 2013). This statute highlights that there is no duty to trespassers, except inflicting malicious injury upon them (lawgazette.com.sg). This statute gives the landowner reassurance that he/she owns the land but tries to refrain him from injuring any trespassers that he may encounter. The occupier also has a duty to the invitee; this means that any person who he has given legal access to his land

How far do you agree with the intentionalist perspective that Hitler Coursework

How far do you agree with the intentionalist perspective that Hitler had always intended the extermination of the Jews - Coursework Example Hitler insisted to the German population that the Jews were socialists as well as democrats who eagerly exploited the Aryan people’s need for social justice to grab social power over the Aryan population (Victor, 2000). The same school affirmed that Hitler made a blue print of his step by step architectural plan. The plan prioritised removing the Jews from the face of the earth. The intentionalists declared the Hitler Germany policy to exterminate the Jews led to the 1941 German invasion of USSR. The attack on the Jews was dubbed as Hitler’s final solution. Intentionalist philosopher Gerald Fleming branded Hitler as the Fighing Prophet. (Totten, 2000). Further, the Nazi anti-Semitism policy from 1933 to 1939 focused on the discrimination of the Jewish people. Hitler’s government priorities included removing the Jews’ rights. For example, the business companies implemented the Hitler government policy by terminating Jews from their workplaces. In Germany, the Jewish youth did not have equal societal opportunities with non-Jewish youths (Friedlander, 2014). In terms of how far Nazi leaders achieved prescribed policy goals, the Hitler government implemented a new civil service law on April 7, 1933 prohibiting the hiring of Jews. On April 26, the German government ordered the public burning of all Jew-authored books. On July 14, 1933, the German government cancelled the citizenship of its Eastern Jew residents (Friedlander, 2014). Concentration camps, including the Oranienburg_camp and the 1936 Dachau_concentration camps, were set up starting in 1933. During 1937, the government set up the Buchewald concentration_camp to accommodate the growing number of new Jewish prisoners. The camps were used for the consequent massacre of the German Jews. Instead of forcing Jewish prisoners to help in the production of German military equipment, Hitler preferred

3 researches Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

3 researches - Research Paper Example paper though is the solid inter-relationship between two components that complete each other for their existence like matter and antimatter; black and white photography and genes and inheritance. Matter and antimatter forge a particular chemistry in asymmetry and bonding because one hardly exists without the other, because they both share similar masses. A positron that is positively charged is an antiparticle to the electron that is negatively charged. They are always produced as a pair. Genes and inheritance is also a working pair because a chromosome pair contains characteristics from both parents hence these traits are passed to the children as inheritance. Black and white photography tops it all because it is the most beautiful chemistry in basic visual arts or photography because where one color is involved there can never be any photography the two contrasting color element of black and white have to co-exist in a similar setting to capture the aspect of photography. Perhaps the best hero myth to explain the Joseph Campbell hero’s journey model of delving into the special or imaginary world from the ordinary world and back to the ordinary world in history of myths with famous heroes is one Hercules (BBC). Hercules or Heracles as the Greeks call him is a Greek hero as a son of Zeus, a god and Alcmene the granddaughter of Perseus. Hercules grows up to become a warrior hero. Hercules or Heracles hero starts in the ordinary world when Hera the jealous wife of Zeus made him temporarily insane so that Hercules killed his very own wife and children. As a punishment by the king Eurystheus of Tiryns he was sent to travel for twelve years and perform twelve different gruesome tasks. These tasks seem to capture the special world context because one of the tasks which is killing an evil character by the name of Lernean Hydra who has snake like hydra and nine separate heads shows the difficult tests Hercules had to undergo in dealing with the creatures from the

Team evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team evaluation - Essay Example Pamela as the organizer also evaluated the working style of each team member for quality performance and high productivity. Team Evaluation There also existed team co-editors, Isabella Hyde and Barbara Holland. Their responsibility was evaluating team work for arising problems or practical errors thus ensuring quality final product. Through the same evaluation they also ensured that structure of the team was in line with the team’s vision. Marion Johnson was selected as the team presenter and her duty was to summarize the vital information for every assignment and establishing the final product. The expectation for the role of the team presenter was to coordinate all team efforts while combining information and relating it to team vision. As a team B member, I really learnt a lot, the most important experience I got from the group was how to work in a team. I learnt how important it is to listen to other people’s views and respect them. The team leaders were very talented people and they helped me realize my abilities as a professional nurse and since them I developed a high level of confidence in my services. However, I faced a few challenges while in the team; at first it was hard for me to work with strangers and I was feeling out of place. Another challenge was how to handle my impatience when it comes to team work, however by the end of it all I was a different person, very patient. Team B was such a good team to work with, however in there are better strategies which if they were put in place the team would have emerged as excellent. One of these strategies is ensuring a well established communication network in which a team member knows where to enquire/report what. Another strategy is ensuring professionalism in nursing practices and learning how to handle patients in a clinical scenario as suggested by Cohen and Cesta (2005). The team processes in this course gave me good lessons for a future health care

3 researches Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

3 researches - Research Paper Example paper though is the solid inter-relationship between two components that complete each other for their existence like matter and antimatter; black and white photography and genes and inheritance. Matter and antimatter forge a particular chemistry in asymmetry and bonding because one hardly exists without the other, because they both share similar masses. A positron that is positively charged is an antiparticle to the electron that is negatively charged. They are always produced as a pair. Genes and inheritance is also a working pair because a chromosome pair contains characteristics from both parents hence these traits are passed to the children as inheritance. Black and white photography tops it all because it is the most beautiful chemistry in basic visual arts or photography because where one color is involved there can never be any photography the two contrasting color element of black and white have to co-exist in a similar setting to capture the aspect of photography. Perhaps the best hero myth to explain the Joseph Campbell hero’s journey model of delving into the special or imaginary world from the ordinary world and back to the ordinary world in history of myths with famous heroes is one Hercules (BBC). Hercules or Heracles as the Greeks call him is a Greek hero as a son of Zeus, a god and Alcmene the granddaughter of Perseus. Hercules grows up to become a warrior hero. Hercules or Heracles hero starts in the ordinary world when Hera the jealous wife of Zeus made him temporarily insane so that Hercules killed his very own wife and children. As a punishment by the king Eurystheus of Tiryns he was sent to travel for twelve years and perform twelve different gruesome tasks. These tasks seem to capture the special world context because one of the tasks which is killing an evil character by the name of Lernean Hydra who has snake like hydra and nine separate heads shows the difficult tests Hercules had to undergo in dealing with the creatures from the

Review phone lines not in use. will terminate them in oreder to save Essay

Review phone lines not in use. will terminate them in oreder to save the HQ money - Essay Example We've formulated the results of some unused telephone lines in the form of a list for our cherished customers’ perusal. We request you to please look up the attached appendix 1 and see if any of the phone numbers listed in it belong to you. The phone numbers listed in this appendix are subject to being terminated after a period of 15 days from now. Kindly notify us within a week of receiving this letter if any of the numbers belong to you. This would save them from being terminated uselessly. You can call us directly at our toll free number 1-800-OFFICES or you can e-mail us directly at support@hq.com to notify us. Effective after two weeks, this act of terminating unused telephone line connections would save HQ approximately $110K per year in telephone line costs. Thanks for helping us help you. This change will increase the overall revenue of the company and would help us focus more on providing high quality services with added motivation. Have a good day! Sincerely, [Your N ame] Services Manager HQ. Note: Appendix 1 attached overleaf. APPENDIX # 1. LIST OF UNUSED TELEPHONE NUMBERS. 1. (505)987-1123 2. (541)123-7786 3. (860)760-0098 4. (925)888-6543 5. (262)432-2234 6. (907)876-5511 7. (319)887-9987 8. (985)112-3123 9.

Technology and Its Effects on Children Essay Example for Free

Technology and Its Effects on Children Essay The use of technology has skyrocketed over the past few years, with a whopping ninetyfive percent of people utilizing the internet, constantly checking smartphones, and relying on other forms of media for entertainment, socializing, or work related instances. Compared with the digital satellites, MP3 players, and Palm Pilots of the 1990s, the technology today has truly advanced, causing many people to become dependent on media-related devices. More than fifty percent of today’s youth contribute to this dependency. What is not taken seriously enough is that this eagerness for technology is destroying the minds of young children by distracting them from important family values, causing various bullying issues, exposing them to violence, and inducing many health risks. Technology therefore should cease to exist in the lives of children, who should instead learn important life lessons from playing outside, utilizing talents, or spending time with the family. It is very important for a child to spend quality time with his or her family. Parents, grandparents, siblings, or extended family members help children develop positive self-esteem by communicating values, encouragement, and love. Today, children’s sense of those relationships is altered due to the fact that they are becoming less and less interested in family and instead more and more intrigued with media. The average kid ages eight to eighteen spends over seven and a half hours a day using technology, equaling seventy-five hours a week (Negative Effects Of). With all of that attention going to technology, children develop a loss of family interest. A group of four to six year olds said they would rather watch television than spend quality time with their fathers (Negative Effects Of). Story time with mother is rapidly being replaced with an old episode of Spongebob, thus creating disconnected children that do not find the value they should within their families. Every second a child is watching television or fiddling with an iPad is a second that should have been spent learning how to ride a bike, painting a picture, or reading with their parents to better the bond in the family relationship. While children are becoming less interested in their families, they are also gaining a false sense of privacy and leading themselves into a dangerous direction as to what they expose on the inter net. The youth of today do not realize that once something is posted online, it is there forever. One million children were harassed, threatened, or subjected to other forms of cyberbullying on Facebook during the past year (Cyberbullying Statistics). Many kids post embarrassing photos, statuses, or leak things on to the internet that they later regret, causing them to become a subject of harassment by others online or in school. There is a strong link between bullying and suicide, with bully victims being two to nine times more likely to consider suicide than non-victims (Bullying and Suicide). At five, more than fifty percent of kids regularly interact with a computer or tablet device (Clinton and Steyer). Because parents are not monitoring kids or enforcing certain rules in the household, such as coming up with limits as to the amount of time spent on the computer, many children waste away hours staring at a screen which can make them an easy target for those who bully via the in ternet. Not only are people unaware of potential consequences posed by the internettelevision is another main concern that poses risks for young children, who have impressionable minds. The generation of young kids may as well be called the â€Å"couch potato† generation, as they are spending up to six hours a day watching television, with their parents using TV as an â€Å"electronic babysitter† (Harris). Many believe that children’s programs show happy, colorful images that influence the child’s mind positively. However, what goes unknown is the fact that those â€Å"happy† and â€Å"colorful† programs actually average more than fourteen violent acts per houreight more than adult programs (TV Media’s Influence). Parents would obviously be appalled at this number due to the fact that by age eighteen, their child will have witnessed about two hundred thousand acts of violence, including eighteen thousand murders (TV Media’s Influence). Instead of subjecting children to the television that imprints their minds with violence, parents should instead spend quality time educating, playing, or reading with them. By doing this, the disgusting knowledge of crime and violence will not be apparent in a young child’s life. They will have a chance to remain unpolluted, their minds full of important family values versus mu rder and bloodbath. Exposure to television and media too early in a child’s life leads to health problems. By age three, one third of children have television sets in their bedrooms. This puts them at risk for delayed sleep onset, increased caloric intake, and nightmares from overstimulation (Stein). The excessive early exposure to electronic media correlates with language delay, attention problems, and deficits in executive function. What many people do not realize is that putting a child in front of a screen is not harmlessit greatly affects the way they transition into adulthood. On top of all of those problems, children who constantly sit in front of a television or game device have a risk of becoming obese. TV watching contributes to this by increasing sedentary behavior, teaching unhealthy eating patterns, increasing snacking, and interfering with normal sleep (Stein). Children should be outside playing with others, reading, and falling asleep at normal hours without a television in the room in order to prevent the health risks that have plagued many because of overuse of electronic media. Though technology is helpful in many ways, it is detrimental to chil dren when exposed regularly. Sitting a child down in front of the television, handing them a game console, and allowing hours of computer time greatly affects the way that child thinks, feels, and reacts to certain situations. Technology not only puts a dent in a child’s emotional state in regard to violent shows and commercials, but it affects their health as well, causing them to suffer great setbacks such as nightmares, increased caloric intake, and attention disorders. Even though the world is becoming more technologically advanced that does not mean children have to as well. They should be playing outside, reading, and spending time with the family in order to learn important values that they would not learn from using electronics.

The Debate Over Minimum Wage :: Economics Argumentative Persuasive Essays

The Debate Over Minimum Wage Introduction: The Clinton Administration served notice in 1993 that it intended to seek an increase in the federal minimum wage. Liberal politicians applauded the new president, agreeing that an increase was overdue and deserved. However, their conservative counterparts lamented the policy proposal, fearful that a minimum wage hike would further unsettle the economic recovery that was underway at the time. Both liberals and conservatives began to marshal their statistical forces to support the long held claims concerning the positive and negative consequences of a minimum wage increase. Since then, political rhetoric has often ruled the minimum wage debate. (Mckenzie, 10, 1994) Minimum wage is a contentious issue because it is debated in a wide and eclectic audience. Minimum wage is at the heart of the economist's interest; he is in pursuit of finding its connection to job loss. Countries all over the world, including all members of the OECC, maintain minimum wage laws. For this reason, it is of obvious importance to policy makers. Because those that tend to earn a minimum wage are disproportionately from low income and minority families, the minimum wage has attracted attention from social activists as well. The topic is perhaps most interesting to the average American. At some point in our lives, almost everyone has been paid the minimum wage. Due to this fact, it is of popular debate over dinner, at restaurants, and in the typical American living room. The people of the United States should support raising the federal minimum wage because empirical evidence proves that it does not lead to job loss. Americans know a raise in the minimum wage is one way to help make work pay. For many working Americans an increase in the minimum wage will make the difference between living in poverty and not. Furthermore, a higher minimum wage, a floor to ensure workers that they're getting a fair deal for their efforts, provides a foothold into the middle class for many other families who would otherwise not earn a middle class living. America of the 1990's is a country of increasing disparity, where the wealthy are moving ahead while the working class is falling behind. In this economic phenomenon, the middle class is disappearing. One of our major defenses to ensure those in the working class receives a fair wage, is legislation providing for one. While many opponents of minimum wage cite labor supply and demand concerns with a legislated wage, we must look at the facts instead of the mere theory.

Personal Narrative- A Preventable Death Essay -- Personal Narrative

Personal Narrative- A Preventable Death He looks at his watch and realizes that he has to leave now before he gets yelled at due to missing the 12:00 curfew. Upon my cousin Sean's arrival home, he begged his mom for an extended curfew, after all he was the star of the 19991 homecoming football game at Royalton high school, he should have been able to stay out later. After losing this fight with rather stubborn mom, and her giving him a stern "Sean I am not going over this again, it is late and I would like you to live until morning, so you need to go downstairs and get some sleep." he hung his head and went downstairs. Sean decided to be rebellious and ignore the part where his mother said to go to bed. After deciding that his mom and dad were finally asleep and wouldn't hear his truck start, he crawled out of his window and returned to the party. His parents were suddenly awoken by a loud knocking. Unfortunately it was not Sean. It was a Police Officer from their town, "Are you the parents of a mister Sean Schmidt?" "Yes," Sean's parents paused as they knew what was soon to come "we are his parents, officer, how can we help you?" "I am afraid that your son has been injured in a car accident and I need you to come to the hospital with me." "Sean is downstairs sleeping, I watched him go down there when he came home last night," Anne said and then spun around and ran downstairs, in an attempt to prove the Police Officer wrong "Allen, he is gone!" She shouted back up the stairs in disbelief and horror. They then went to the hospital hoping that they would get to hug him, hold him, and make him better. It didn't hit them until they were in the morgue identifying the body of their dead son, they were never going to be able to ho... ..., you know I'll make it home just fine' after fighting with him for about 20 minutes, I told him to leave." We both just sat there and cried. Her crying was all due to how much she missed him, and so was most of mine. The rest of my tears came from the fact that one of the biggest influences in my life killed himself for one night of fun, and free beer. I had learned after that, that no matter how much people laughed at you for being the "designated dumb ass" at all of our high school parties, that it was well worth it. If only one person had taken his keys, or stayed sober and drove Sean home, I wouldn't be writing this paper on his death, I would be writing it on how he always made us laugh when he would lip sync to all of those Ray Stevens’ songs, and how the family gatherings could never start without him. Was that one night of fun and free beer really worth it? Personal Narrative- A Preventable Death Essay -- Personal Narrative Personal Narrative- A Preventable Death He looks at his watch and realizes that he has to leave now before he gets yelled at due to missing the 12:00 curfew. Upon my cousin Sean's arrival home, he begged his mom for an extended curfew, after all he was the star of the 19991 homecoming football game at Royalton high school, he should have been able to stay out later. After losing this fight with rather stubborn mom, and her giving him a stern "Sean I am not going over this again, it is late and I would like you to live until morning, so you need to go downstairs and get some sleep." he hung his head and went downstairs. Sean decided to be rebellious and ignore the part where his mother said to go to bed. After deciding that his mom and dad were finally asleep and wouldn't hear his truck start, he crawled out of his window and returned to the party. His parents were suddenly awoken by a loud knocking. Unfortunately it was not Sean. It was a Police Officer from their town, "Are you the parents of a mister Sean Schmidt?" "Yes," Sean's parents paused as they knew what was soon to come "we are his parents, officer, how can we help you?" "I am afraid that your son has been injured in a car accident and I need you to come to the hospital with me." "Sean is downstairs sleeping, I watched him go down there when he came home last night," Anne said and then spun around and ran downstairs, in an attempt to prove the Police Officer wrong "Allen, he is gone!" She shouted back up the stairs in disbelief and horror. They then went to the hospital hoping that they would get to hug him, hold him, and make him better. It didn't hit them until they were in the morgue identifying the body of their dead son, they were never going to be able to ho... ..., you know I'll make it home just fine' after fighting with him for about 20 minutes, I told him to leave." We both just sat there and cried. Her crying was all due to how much she missed him, and so was most of mine. The rest of my tears came from the fact that one of the biggest influences in my life killed himself for one night of fun, and free beer. I had learned after that, that no matter how much people laughed at you for being the "designated dumb ass" at all of our high school parties, that it was well worth it. If only one person had taken his keys, or stayed sober and drove Sean home, I wouldn't be writing this paper on his death, I would be writing it on how he always made us laugh when he would lip sync to all of those Ray Stevens’ songs, and how the family gatherings could never start without him. Was that one night of fun and free beer really worth it?

Study Tour Report to Germany on the Theme Industrial Relations, Labour Productivity and National Development

Historical and theoretical perspectives on industrial relations, labour productivity and national development Industrial relations grew out of the need for workers to join forces and present their grievances to the employers as a unified force. Kuhn (2006, p.23) suggests that everyone who earns income through work or is involved in the management of workers is immersed in the practice of industrial relations. Changes in industrial relations and the quality of employment relationships have an effect on the productivity of an organisation. In addition to this, the terms and conditions of employment have a direct effect on the workers’ quality of life both in and out of the organisational premises. If the quality of life lead by the workers is poor, then this will be transferred to their productivity at work as they will not be able to perform at the highest level regardless of the mechanisms that the employer puts in place to maximise production (Kuznetsov, Dahlman, & World Bank Institute 2008, p.31). Generally most people get to know the meaning of the term industrial relations long be fore they even get into employment. This knowledge partly comes from its daily use by friends, family and the media both of which try to present industrial relations as events that involve trade unions and conflict incidents. However this meaning is not the right one because it makes people perceive industrial relations as a rebellious movement which is not actually the case. This is why it is necessary to first ascertain a clear and useful definition of ‘industrial relations’ before considering the debate in more depth. . Korres (2008, p. 21) defines industrial relations as the interaction of people and organisations in the work place. Industrial relations is concerned with how people, groups, institutions and organisations make decisions that regulate or shape the relationships between employees and employees, employees and employers, and trade unions and employers. Therefore industrial relations are concerned with the working life, society and the national economy. T he main purpose of industrial relations is to provide a conceptual framework for ensuring that the different relationships at the organisational level run smoothly. Welfe (2009, p.56) asserts that industrial relations can be analysed using three major theoretical perspectives namely unitary, pluralist and Marxist. All of these perspectives interpret workplace conflicts, role of trade unions and variations in job regulations uniquely in order to generate solutions. The unitary theory perceives organisations as an integrated unit with all the members working towards the achievement of common objectives. There is only one source of authority which is the management, trade unions are perceived as being unnecessary (Kuznetsov, Dahlman, & World Bank Institute 2008, p. 88). The pluralist theory regards organisations as being comprised of powerful and divergent groups which are the trade unions and the management. These two groups have their own legitimate loyalties and objectives. The plur alists consider the conflict of interest and disagreement between the two groups as inevitable. Trade unions are therefore regarded as legitimate representatives of workers charged with the responsibility of bargaining for their interests. The Marxist theory sees fundamental divisions of interest between labour and capital in organisations. The inequalities of economic wealth and power are products of the capitalist system (Kattel & Kalvet, 2006, p. 38). The Marxist perspective stresses that organisational conflict is necessary and it arises from the inequitable distribution of resources. The political economy of industrial relations, labour productivity and national development Leydesdorff (2006, p. 99) says that trade unions have had inextricable links with political parties and movements in different countries. Although some states have over time managed to decentralise trade unions from national politics, others are still struggling to do so. Even in countries like India where labour movements and politics have had intricate associations in the past, independent unions are now increasingly emerging (International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, Li & Molla?-Aliod 2009, p. 95). Owing to the historical relationship between politics and trade unionism, labour strikes seem to increase during periods of political instability. During these periods, the unions often have a tendency of displaying increased militancy as a way of offering assurance to the members that their demands will be met using all possible means. Such an assurance acts as an added incentive for the employers to join the unions. The trade unions however, in most cases distance themselves away from any acts of militarism terming it as a media ploy to negatively present their motives. Most trade unions hold the view that the media should clearly differentiate individual criminal acts from the violence that is sponsored by the unions (Llerena, Matt, & Avadikyan 2005, p. 121). Regarding the opinions held by the employers that the trade unions are heavily politicised, the trade unions believe that their employers use their political connections as leverage against workers with dissenting opinions. The unions believe that even before the employers sit down with the unions to listen to their grievances, they always have a tendency of finding out the political inclination of the dissenting workers and then hold talks with the relevant political heads. Such tendencies make it difficult for the negotiation process because collective bargaining is often compromised. Menkhoff (2011, p.77) asserts that politics and unionism have always gone together but the e ffects of the association are gross in unstable political environments as they in most cases lead to industrial disputes. Regulatory and institutional frameworks for labour and national productivity Industrial relations still has a very significant role to play in the social protection of workers in the 21st century. The adoption of protection tariffs along with restrictions on immigration plays a major role towards the establishment of legal systems for regulating labour in order to help the workers. For instance regulations that are explicitly connected to industrial policies like tariff protection with standards of labour in the form of determining the minimum wage for workers have a direct effect on industrial relations (Weiss & Schmidt 2008, p. 63). The proponents of such mechanisms are in most cases concerned with investment and social protection of workers as well as the profits of the businesses being protected. Therefore this confirms the argument that regulation of labour has both social and economic justifications. Protection regulations can stimulate labour demands in a country through policy formulation and successful implementation. Policies that increase the deman d for labour also influence the type and pattern of jobs available within a country (Blanpain & Baker 2010, p. 44). Countries like Germany, Japan and Australia pursued protectionist industrial policies in the form of active tariff and non-tariff during their key phases of industrialisation in order to facilitate development (Thornley, Jefferys, & Appay, 2010, p. 55). In addition to this, most industrialised states maintained their tariff protections until the 1980’s to help them in maintain social protection systems that include traditional labour laws. Lipsey (2006, p. 54) says that industrialised countries also use extensive procurement systems as another form of industrial policy for regulating labour standards of employees of organisations that benefit from government contracts. Therefore in such countries industrial policies have an influence on labour laws and labour market developments. However such interventions are not limited to the developed countries only because even the developing countries use industrial policies as means of fostering economic development and job growth. Bamber (2010, p. 33) asserts that industrial regulations have been curtailed by the Washington consensus since the 1980’s. This consensus holds that all nation states should pursue industrial development and alleviation of poverty through strategies of trade liberalisation and deregulation of the labour market. This implies that the developing nations should implement free trade and laissez faire industrial policies, introduce greater flexibility in regulating employment to lower the costs of hiring and firing employees to attain economic growth (Moreau & Blas-Lo?pez 2008, p. 96). Some people criticise this method as a slower way of attaining economic development in preference for industrial regulation where states pursue development through stimulating economic growth by creating quality jobs in sustainable industry. The proponents of free trade perceive industria lisation strategies that involve active state involvement in promoting economic activities as being detrimental to economic growth. The opponents on the other hand think that active industrial policies are important in attaining economic development and high living standards of the industrialised countries (Blyton, Sage Publications., & Sage eReference 2008, p. 85). Indeed the dominance of trade liberalisation as a strategy for industrialisation is unfair to the developing countries as it denies them the chance to enjoy the benefits that come with cushioning their states against the adverse effects of market exposure as was done by the developed countries in the past. The industrialised countries achieved development under different conditions from those of free trade and without industrial policy. Srivastava (2007, p. 86) suggests that trade liberation is only one among the many industrialisation strategies that the developing countries might opt to pursue. Most developed and devel oping countries pursue economic policies that involve active promotion of innovation as a means of attaining industrialisation. However, at this level it is critical to note that the practice and analysis of industrial policy is increasingly becoming very sophisticated. In terms of promoting industrial development, the current industrial policies are less focused on picking winners and tariff protection i.e. the government selection of specific industries that it considers as being more sustainable and in line with the local conditions of the labour market and business expertise over others . Although this is still prevalent in some countries most current industrial policies are directed through horizontal measures that promote innovation and competitiveness across certain regions or economies rather than being confined to certain specific preferred sectors. Much of debates on the role of industrial policy in both the developing and industrialised countries are concerned with the se lection of an appropriate path to economic development. According to Singh (2008, p. 62), there is a strong correlation between industrialisation strategy, industrial policy and traditional labour laws in the new protection policies of most developing countries. Comparative studies of labour market in southern Africa and East Asia reveal that countries will endeavour to structure their regulations on industrial relations to be in line with the industrialisation strategies that they are pursuing (Dowling, Festing, & Engle, 2008, p. 12). For instance in East Asia most of the states have been able to progress through the industrialisation stages from import substitution to export oriented and finally higher value oriented exports. This implies that the strategies for industrial relations in these countries reflect the different strategies being pursued by the state. Trade liberalisation strategies that are export oriented often have different effects for labour regulation and practices of industrial relations compared to the more protective import replacement strategies. Therefore states rely on export oriented strategies when selling products that are labour oriented where low costs of labour and production are the main sources of competitive advantage (Thornley, Jefferys, & Appay, 2010, p. 87). For instance the export oriented industrialisation strategy of Singapore compelled it to promote workplace flexibility by placing restrictions on aspects like enterprise bargaining and containing industrial disputes by restricting the employees’ right to strike. Bhatia (2008, p. 71) notes that the states that have pursued more inward oriented industrialisation strategies often have tolerance for stronger labour protections. However it should be noted that many variations of these simplified categories exist and as such it is not possible to make the conclusion that export oriented strategies are associated with low labour standards and downward pressure on labour protections than the policies that are inward oriented. However, one thing that remains certain is that there are connections between industrial policy of a country and the labour law settings. In the context of labour management regulation, industrial policy contributes to both the constitution and regulation of labour market through its effects on labour supply and demand as well as the industrial working conditions. Additionally, from a normative perspective the settings of industrial policy have a great significance on economic development of a state and consequently the social protection and quality of life. Therefore the impact of regulation of labour on industrial relations is dependent on the nature of policies chosen by the nation states. For instance states that opt to pursue government delivery of goods and services whether through monopolies or as competitor with the private sector will offer the workers more secure jobs than those of the private sector (Thornley, Jeffer ys, & Appay, 2010, p.74). However, a large amount of these public jobs often have negative impacts on the working conditions across the economy. It is therefore recommended that states should use regulations that will maintain the existing structures or facilitate structural adjustments through assisting the industries that will open up new opportunities by attracting new investments and innovation. Impact of science, technology and innovation on industrial relations, labour productivity and national development The industrial relations system pursued by a state has a direct effect on all the four elements of innovation which are: motive, content, process and outcome. The intentions behind innovation may include reduction of costs of production through decreasing the amount or quality of labour, promoting more flexible and creative use of labour and encouraging management control over labour. Dinius (2010, p. 66) claims that the contents of the innovation process itself may call for changes in the level of skills and need to accommodate the prevailing structures of industrial relations. The innovation process needs to consider the social organisation, trade unions, work groups and the physical form of the production process. In essence the outcomes of innovation are functions of industrial relations at both the individual and collective levels. Innovation on the other hand affects all the five features of industrial relations which are: work, tasks, pay, work organisation, employment levels and union organisation (Dowling, Festing, & Engle, 2008, p.38). Innovation leads to an increase in the level of skills required for completing tasks more than it reduces it. Innovation may also result to an increased responsibility especially if the increased value is closely monitored by equipment and is meant to increase organisational competitive advantage. Innovation may require the employees to widen their level of skills in order to be able to adapt to the new tasks. In most cases it calls for expansion of intellectual skills and manual skill reduction due to automation of most of the processes. The overall effect of innovation on industrial relations is that it mostly leads to an increase in the proportion of skilled workers in the labour force especially in private manufacturing. Globalisation and corporate governance: the dynamics of industrial relations and labour productivity in national development Howell (2005, p. 75) asserts that globalisation leads to the liberalisation of world economies. The liberalisation of economies has made many organisations to make structural adjustments for improving operational efficiency. The increased pressure from the public has forced business enterprises to operate within higher ethical standards and take more social responsibility. The organisations from the developed economies are in most cases required by law to observe non-discriminatory policies in hiring, treatment and paying of all workers (Kattel & Kalvet, 2006, p. 33). However as far as recruitment is concerned, globalisation is pushing organisations into recruiting managers and workers with high skills conforming to the international standards in their host countries. Globalisation and corporate governance have led to certain structural adjustments in terms of diversifications and restructuring both of which have resulted into cutting off of some jobs and recession in the job industr y. The trade unions then started to raise concerns about job losses and the adverse effects on work dynamics and their rights in some countries like India (Blyton, Sage Publications., & Sage eReference 2008, p.52). The same wave was echoed in countries like Japan and South Korea where workers formed industrial unions to counter the impacts of globalisation on their economies. These unions managed to negotiate for employment terms and working conditions as well as the payment rates. Generally, globalisation and corporate governance came into existence at a time when trade unionism was fading off in most countries. However globalisation has contributed to the deterioration of labour standards and strengthened the capital bargaining power while reducing the bargaining power of labour. Industrial relations and labour productivity: challenges and opportunities for defence and national security Industrial relations often affect the labour productivity because it contains the attitudes of the management and workers towards each other and the work itself. As such, industrial relations affect organisational productivity both directly and indirectly through variables like motivation of workers, managerial competence and institutional backup. The concept of industrial relations encompasses the interactions that occur between the employees and the employers in an organisation. The nature of this relationship has an effect on the production process because poorly motivated workers for instance have an increased tendency of not performing at their optimal levels (Kuznetsov, Dahlman, & World Bank Institute 2008, p. 61). McCallum (2008, p. 72) claims that organisational productivity is a function of the morale of the workers. For this productivity to remain on the higher side, it is important that the morale of the workers be kept at the highest possible level. Failure to motivate th e morale of the workers will result in a drop in both quality and quantity of organisational productivity. In fact Hardy (2011, p. 13) supports this position by suggesting that employee morale and productivity always go together. Therefore industrial relations as a factor that affects organisational productivity influences the production process in many ways. For example during times of industrial disputes or when the employees are on a go slow, productivity will not be affected in terms of loss of labour alone because there are other incessant work stoppages, machines and other variable and fixed capitals will not be fully utilised and this will result in low level of output and raise the average cost. The refusal to work in overtime by the trade unions also results in loss of revenue because overtime is meant to increase organisational production capacity. Strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of Germany The SWOT analysis is a strategic management tool used for identifying and categorising the significant internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) factors that face an organisation, territory, city or even a country (Bhatia 2008, p. 55). The analysis provides strategic data that can be used in matching organisational resources with the competitive environment in which it is operating. This matching is of importance in making strategic decisions for optimising organisational performance. Struck (2011, p. 31) suggests that the SWOT analysis is important in helping the organisations to direct their actions to match the strengths with opportunities presented by the environment and ward off the threats as well as seek ways of overcoming the weaknesses. Then analysis id not a foresight approach but just a good starting point for strategic decision making which organisations can use in designing and positioning products and services . The following section a nalyses the SWOT of Germany. The findings reveal that despite its strength in areas like ability to innovate, great willingness to engage in self-directed training and good infrastructure, the country still has some serious weaknesses to overcome. These problems arise mainly from the education sector such as schools adoption and use of new information and communication technology tools and high levels of unemployment. Germany has its own strong areas especially regarding the implementation of knowledge in the society. The country has a flexible, well trained and innovative workface. In addition to this the society has very little income disparities and good quality of life. However because of the aforementioned weaknesses, the country runs the risk of having a poorly educated workforce in the future which could negatively impact its innovation ability and economic strength. Furthermore, the high rates of unemployment will continue to prevent economic growth. Strengths Ability to innovate Good access to broadband Flexible terms of work which is acceptable to many Weaknesses A weak education system that is lagging behind in terms of adapting and using new information technology tools Rising rates of unemployment Opportunities Good quality of life Flexible and well trained workforce Little income disparities Threats High rates of unemployment is limiting economic growth The new generation workforce is poorly educated Conclusion This paper has discussed the importance of industrial relations and its effects on the production process and the economy of a country. The findings reveal that good industrial relations are a prerequisite for industrial development because in its absence, the workers will lack the necessary motivation and the morale that they require to be able to produce at the optimal levels. Globalisation and corporate governance are changing industrial relations across the globe and as such it is wise for countries to invest in education and innovation so that their employees can meet the demands of the international labour standards. Recommendation and implementation strategies With the continued advancement of the effects of globalisation, past mechanisms like labour regulations are increasingly being rendered irrelevant. Therefore countries need to invest in empowering their workforce with the appropriate skills required for innovation and productivity through their education systems. 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